IBIA (International Betting Integrity Association)

The association exists because no single operator can see enough to detect coordinated corruption. A fixer spreads stakes across many books and jurisdictions precisely so that no individual account looks remarkable. Pooling alerts across members turns fragments into a pattern, and the resulting reports are frequently the trigger for sporting or criminal investigation.

Its published alert data has become the sector's most-cited integrity statistic, which is also its limitation. The figures describe suspicious activity detected within the licensed market by member operators, so they say nothing about activity on unlicensed sites or with illegal bookmakers, where the incentive to fix is greatest. A fall in alerts can mean less corruption or less visibility.

As an industry body it also carries an inherent tension, since its members benefit commercially from the betting markets whose integrity it monitors.